Curriculum/Course Descriptions
Below are the descriptions of courses offered within the Environmental Studies curriculum. The times and semesters that courses are offered may change without notice and are given here only as a general guide for planning schedules. Consult the most current course listings (via Webstac) to view current semester offererings. A projected schedule of courses is available online [pdf].
EnSt/EPSc 109A. Quantitative Reasoning in Environmental Science
Introduction to practical mathematical methods for understanding environmental aspects of our planet, particularly how the environment changes with time through human interactions. Emphasis on intuitive approaches in devising simple relationships for understanding quantitative outcomes of natural processes. Introduction to basic statistical methods, including hypothesis testing, and how statistics can be applied to environmental problems. 3 credits.
EnSt 110. Introduction to Environmental Studies
This course offers an overview of topics and disciplines needed to understand the environmental issues and challenges of today’s world. The course will integrate aspects of biology, earth science, and policy. Specific topics will include preserving biodiversity, nature preserve management, human population growth, energy, pollution, and sustainability. For non-Environmental Studies majors. 3 credits.
EnSt/EPSc 125. The Dinosaurs: “Facts” and Fictions
Overview and introduction to the group of related animals commonly referred to as the Dinosauria. Anatomy, evolutionary relationships, place in the world. Dinosaurs dominated every known terrestrial ecosystem for almost 150 million years – one of the most impressive success stories in the entire history of life on Earth, including the modern Age of Mammals. Beyond the scales, feathers, teeth, and claws, there is much to learn about the world in general and perhaps the place of humans in it by studying the Age of Reptiles. Examination of the dinosaurs themselves, the time in which they lived, their history, and the ways in which we study them. 3 credits.
EnSt 181. Lectures in Environmental Studies
A survey of current environmental issues, including global warming, ozone depletion, degradation of ground water quality, declining biodiversity, deforestation and conservation policy, and environmental law, among many others. At each meeting a member of the environmental studies program faculty or professionals working in environmental fields summarize that week’s topic and lead the discussion based on a variety of source material. Students are expected to attend all lectures and take part in the discussions. CREDIT/NO CREDIT ONLY. 1 credit.
EnSt/EPSc 201. Earth and the Environment
Intro to the study of the Earth as a dynamic, evolving planet. Emphasis on how internal and surface processes combine to shape the environment. Themes: Earth’s interior as revealed by seismic waves; Earth history and global tectonics shown by changes to ocean floors, mountain-building, formation of continents, earthquakes, and volcanism; climate history and global biogeochemical cycles, influenced by circulation of atmosphere and oceans, ice ages, and human activity; composition and structure of rocks and minerals. 4 credits.
Pathfinder 201. Land Dynamics and the Environment
Use of case studies such as anthropogenic changes to the Lower Missouri River, effects of mining in the Ozarks, and excessive uses of water in arid terrains in the Southwestern United States to explore key issues associated with environmental sustainability. Includes scientific concepts related to the dynamics of the environment and development of policies need to maintain land and resource sustainability. Course will employ a combination of lectures that provide an orientation to particular topics, discussion sessions, interactive computer exercises using simulation models, appropriate field trips, and student presentations. Prereq: Admission to the Pathfinder Program in Environmental sustainability. 3 credits.
Pathfinder 202. Cases Study: Southwestern United States
Continuing their studies in environmental sustainability, students will examine issues associated with the Mojave Desert in California, investigating the fragile environment of this area, degradation associated with anthropogenic uses, and politics associated with the formation of the Mojave National Preserve. Fieldwork conducted during spring break. In an end-of-semester workshop, students will share their experiences through oral presentations and discussions. Prereq: Admission to the Pathfinder Program in Env. Sustainability. 2 credits.
ARCH 209. Design Process
Open to Engineering and Arts & Sciences students at all levels. Studio course will engage students in the process of design with an emphasis on creative thinking. Course content relates directly to the interests of engineers and all liberal arts students who wish to problem solve about shaping the texture and quality of the built world. A series of hands-on projects introduce students to design concepts as they apply to site (gardens and other outdoor places), to humanistic place making (personal and small public spaces), to structure & materials (intuitive exploration of structural principles through model building), to environmental issues (effects of climate, light, topography, context and sensible use of natural resources). No technical knowledge or special drawing skills are required. 3 credits.
EPSc 216. Resources of the Earth
Introduction to the major resources of the Earth: rocks, minerals, water, soil, and air. Basics of geology covered as background for origin, supply, and uses of these resources. Environmental awareness stressed. Field trip required. Prereq: EPSc 200A or 201 (may be taken concurrently). 3 credits.
EnSt/EPSc 221A. Human Use of the Earth
Examination of the impacts of a growing population on the Earth, including habitat destruction, resource depletion, and air and water pollution. Topics include population growth, landscape change, and the distribution and uses of the water, mineral, and energy-producing resources of the Earth. 2 field trips required. 3 credits.
CE 253. Pollution and Environmental Impact
Presentation and discussion of environmental problems and issues involving air and water pollution, solid waste, energy, and land use. Introduction to and analysis of elements in the process of preparing environmental impact statements. Resolving conflicting uses of the environment through application of technology and policy stressed. Prerequisite: Math 132. 3 credits.
ChE 262. Introduction to Environmental Engineering
The objective of this course is to introduce students to the field of environmental engineering. The course will emphasize basic principles of mass and energy conservation, which govern physical, chemical, and biological processes. Applications include the estimation of contaminant concentrations and the design of environmental controls. 3 credits.
EnSt/Physics 272A. Physics and Society
Intro to physics: its goals, methods, and relevance for society. Topics include energy as a unifying principle of physics and society’s use of energy: resources and costs. Nuclear energy: history, technology, radiation, waste, weapons. Global climate change: the greenhouse effect, the hole in the ozone layer. Science and government. Bad science, pseudoscience, antiscience. Intended for science and nonscience majors. Must be taken for a letter grade. 3 credits.
EnSt 294. Intro to Environmental Studies: Social Sciences
Intro to interdisciplinary environmental study in the social sciences and humanities. Topics include: differing interpretations of “nature” and “environment”; contrasting understandings of relationships between humans and their environments; key concepts in environmental studies such as “sustainable development” and “the precautionary principle”; different conceptions of, and objections to, environmentalism. These ideas and debates will be explored in the context of important current environmental controversies. No prerequisites. 3 units.
EnSt 299. Directed Internship
Internship with an environmental organization (commercial, not-for-profit, governmental, etc.) where the primary objective is to obtain professional experience outside of the classroom. Student must have a faculty sponsor, and must file a Learning Agreement with the Career Center, the faculty sponsor, and the site supervisor. A final written project is to be agreed upon between the student and the faculty sponsor before work begins, and will be evaluated by the faculty sponsor at the end of the internship. Detailed supervision of the intern in the responsibility of the site supervisor. Credit variable, max 3 units.
EnSt/Hist 3003. American Environmental History
This course examines how Americans have transformed their environment as well as how environmental change has shaped American life. Topics will include: American's changing attitudes toward nature; the environmental effects of rural and urban development; technological changes and their impacts on the natural world; and the emergence of the conservation and environmental movements. Class lectures, readings, and discussions will illustrate the significance of the natural world in the study of American history and provide perspective on some of the nation's environmental problems today. 3 credits.
Pathfinder 301B. Case Study: Hawaii
Students will examine issues in environmental sustainability and hazards associated with the Hawaiian Islands. Topics will include volcanism, earthquakes, tsunamis, and issues associated with agricultural encroachment on the subtropical rainforests. Exploration of both scientific and societal contexts. Fieldwork conducted during winter break. In an end of semester workshop, students will share their experiences through oral presentations and discussions. Prereq: Admission to the Pathfinder Program. 1 credit.
Anth 306B. Africa: Peoples and Cultures
An anthropological survey of Africa from the classic ethnographies to contemporary studies of development. Emphasis on the numerous social and economic changes African peoples have experienced from pre-colonial times to the present. 3 credits.
Hist 3066. American City in the 19th and 20th Centuries
This course will explore the cultural, political, and economic history of U.S. cities in the 19th and 20th centuries. We will focus on New York, Chicago, St. Louis, and Los Angeles, although other cities may be included. Among the topics discussed will be immigration, industrialization, race, and gender relations.
Anth 307A. Human Variation
A survey of human biological diversity, considering its adaptive and taxonomic significance from the perspective of origins and distribution of traits and adaptation. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or introductory biology. 3 credits.
EnSt/Anth 3053. Nomadic Strategies and Extreme Ecologies
This course will explore the archaeology and anthropology of nomadic pastoral societies in light of their ecological, political, and cultural strategies and adaptation to extreme environments (deserts, mountains, the arctic). The aim of the course is to understand both the early development of pastoral ways of life, and how nomads have had an essential role in the formation and transfer of culture, language, and power from prehistoric time to the current era.
EPSc 310. Geological Field Methods
Methods and principles of geological field work, including map reading, sampling and sample location, air photo interpretation, and geologic map construction. Prerequisite: EPSc 352 and 353; or permission of instructor. One class hour and one three-hour laboratory a week, and occasional weekend field trips. 3 credits.
Biol 3110. Vertebrate Structure Laboratory
A lecture/laboratory course designed to provide an integrative framework for how vertebrate form and function evolved. Weekly lectures will emphasize development and the relationship between the structural and functional design of organ systems, the importance of these relationships in maintaining homeostasis while providing opportunity for adaptation, and examples of how vertebrate organ systems communicate to accomplish functional and physiological integration. 1.5 lectures and 5 hrs lab each week. Prerequisite: Bio 2970.
EnSt/EPSc 323. Biogeochemistry
Survey of biogeochemical interactions among Earth's crust, oceans, and atmosphere, including perturbations due to human activities. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur biogeochemical cycles. Greenhouse warming of atmosphere from carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons; effects of inorganic and organic wastes in groundwater systems. Introductory course for students of environmental science and nonscience majors. 3 credits.
Psych 330. Sensation and Perception
Structure and function of several sensory systems and techniques for studying them; emphasis on vision. Perceptual experience examined by considering the underlying physiological activity, as well as higher-level cognitive influences. Prerequisite: Psych 100B. 3 credits.
EnSt/PolSci 332 Environmental and Energy Issues
This course considers the major issues in these increasingly important areas of public policy. We will discuss the importance of political processes and actors on such phenomena as global warming, endangered species, and public lands. This course emphasizes the American experience but also considers international implications. 3 credits.
EnSt/Anth 3322. Brave New Crops
This course introduces students to the major issues surrounding the development and use in genetically modified (GM) crops. Its focus is international, but with particular focus on the developing world. A variety of experts, available locally or through the internet, will contribute perspectives. The course also includes field trips. 3 credits.
EnSt 335. Introduction to Environmental Ethics
A general survey of current issues in environmental ethics focusing on problems such as the obligation to futures generations, protection of endangered species, animal rights, problems of energy and pollution, wilderness, global justice, and business obligations. Students will also learn some ethical and political theory. 3 credits.
Psych 3401. Introduction to Biological Psychology
An introduction to physiological mechanisms underlying behavior. Topics will include the physiology of nerve cells, anatomy of the nervous system, control of sensory and motor activity, arousal and sleep, motivation and higher mental processes. Prerequisite: Psych 100B. 3 credits.
ChE 345. Pollution Abatement and Waste Minimization
Strategies and methods for waste minimization and pollutant emission reduction. Hierarchical design strategies. Air pollution abatement: principles and technology. Waste water treatment: principles and technology. Design of mass exchange networks for waste reduction. Design of membrane based systems, adsorption and absorption equipment. Prerequisite: ChE 320 or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Biol 347. Darwin and Evolutionary Controversies
Focus is on controversies in evolutionary biology from Darwin's day to the present. Most of the controversies concern scientific issues such as Kelvin's estimate of age of the earth, Jenkin's argument against blending inheritance, neutral variations, effects of isolation on the role of selection, mass extinction and "nemesis," but some address social issues such as evolutionary ethics and "scientific creationism." Emphasis in the readings is on primary sources, including Darwin's Origin of Species. 3 credits.
Biol 349. Microbiology
Lectures covering the growth and regulation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes and their viruses; emphasis on gene regulation, molecular biology, physiology, and growth. Prerequisite: Bio 297A. 3 credits.
Biol 3501. Evolution
A general survey of organic evolution covering both population genetic and phylogenetic perspectives. Topics include Darwinian evolutionary theory, genetic variation within populations, natural selection, adaptation, formation of species, and macroevolutionary trends. Prerequisite: Bio 3051 recommended. 4 credits.
EPSc 352. Earth Materials
Fundamental principles of crystal chemistry, symmetry and structure of crystals (minerals), X-ray analysis of crystalline materials, information on the important mineral groups (definition of the groups; composition, structure, physical properties, occurrence, and usage of major mineral species); optical mineralogy. Geological and environmental aspects of earth materials. Prerequisite, EPSc 201 and Chem 112A; or permission of instructor. Three class hours, one two-hour laboratory, and one two-hour discussion period a week. 5 credits.
CE 352A. Water and Wastewater Treatment
Theoretical aspects of unit operations and processes for water and wastewater treatment with design applications. Quantities and characteristics of water and wastewater; water quality criteria; physical, chemical, and biological treatment of water and wastewater; and handling and disposal of sludge. Estimation of design parameters from bench-scale testing will be demonstrated in biweekly laboratory sessions. Prerequisites: Chem 112A, 152, CE 262, or permission of instructor. Corequisite: ME 370. 4 credits.
EnSt/Anth 361. Culture and Environment
An introduction to the ecology of human culture, especially how “traditional” cultural ecosystems are organized and how they change with population density. Topics include foragers, slash and burn farming, intensive farming, warfare, population regulation, and sexual division of labor. 3 credits.
Anth 3612. Population and Society
This review of population processes and their social ramifications begins with an introduction to the basic terminology, concepts, and methods of population studies, followed by a survey of human population trends through history. The course then investigates biological and social dimensions of marriage and childbearing, critically examines family planning policies, deals with the social impacts of epidemics and population ageing, and looks at connections between population movements and sociocultural changes. The overall objective of the course is to understand how population processes are not just biological in nature, but are closely related to social, cultural, political, and economic factors. 3 credits.
Anth 3661. Primate Biology
This course takes a multi-faceted introductory approach to the primates, the closest relatives of human beings, by investigating anatomy, growth and development, reproduction, behavioral adaptations, ecology, geographic distribution, taxonomy and evolution. Emphasis will be placed not only on the apes and monkeys, but also on the lesser-known lemurs, lorises, bushbabies, tarsiers, and many others. The importance of primate biology to the discipline of anthropology will be discussed. Intended for students who have already taken Anthro 150A, and recommended for students who wish to take the more advanced 400-level courses on primates. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Anth 362. The Biological Basis of Human Behavior
Infidelity, marriage customs, inner city violence, infanticide, intelligence….Are the behavioral patterns we see genetically fixed and racially variable? What is the evolutionary and biological basis of human behavior? This course offers a critical evaluation of these from an anthropological perspective.
Anth 367. Paleoanthropology
The prehistoric Pliocene and Pleistocene evidence for human emergence and evolution. The emphasis will be on the human fossil record and its interpretation in functional and behavioral terms. This will be placed in the context of the Paleolithic archaeological record and issues regarding the biological relationships between various human groups. Prerequisite: Anthro 150 or equivalent. 3 credits.
EnSt 370, Biological Conservation
Conservation biology is a science borne out of the current extinction crisis. This course will examine the causes of the decline of biodiversity across the planet, including social, economic and political, as well as biological, issues. Biological implications of this loss will be discussed, as will the ways in which further degradation of the ecological systems on Earth can be prevented. Specific topics will include habitat and endangered species management, conservation genetics, reserve design, environmental law and the history of the conservation movement. Prerequisites: Enst 295 (preferred), Bio 2970 or consent of instructor. 3 units.
EnSt/Biol 372. Behavioral Ecology
This course examines animal behavior from an evolutionary perspective and explores the relationships between animal behavior, ecology, and evolution. Topics include foraging behavior, mating systems, sexual selection, predator-prey relationships, cooperation and altruism, competition and parental care. Prerequisite: Bio 2970 or permission of instructor. 3 units.
EnSt 373. Behavioral Ecology Lab
Laboratory/field course exploring topics in animal behavior and ecology. The primary goal of this course is to introduce students to experimental and observational techniques commonly used in studies of organisms and their environment. Methods studied will include measures of population abundance, spatial dynamics, foraging behavior, and community structure. Much of this course will take place in the field. Students should be prepared for the possibility of cold and/or inclement weather. 2 units.
EnSt/Anth 379. Feast or Famine: Archaeology and Climate Change
This course examines the temporal, geographical, and environmental aspects of past climate changes, and by using specific examples, explores how climate changes may have affected the evolution of human culture and the course of human history. Archaeological and documentary examples from the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Near East will be used to explore if or how significant events in human history have been influenced by changes in climate. 3 credits.
EnSt 380. Applications in GIS
This introductory course in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is designed to provide basic knowledge of GIS theory and applications using the existing state-of-the-art GIS software: ArcGIS 9.2 on Windows XP platform. The course is taught using a combination of lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on, interactive tutorials in the classroom. The first weeks of the course will provide a broad view of how you can display and query spatial data and produce map products. The remainder of the course will focus on applying spatial analytical tools to address questions and solve problems. As the semester develops, more tools will be added to your GIS toolbox so that you can complete a final independent project that integrates material learned during the course. Students will be encouraged to design individualized final projects using their own or other available data; however, some already prepared final projects also will be available.
Enst/Biol 381. Intro to Ecology
This course explores the science of ecology, including factors that control the distribution and population dynamics of organisms, the structure and function of biological communities, how energy and nutrients flow across ecosystems, and what principles govern ecological responses to global climatic and other environmental changes. The class format will include lectures, discussions, and small group exercises. Assignments will include quantitative data analysis, ecological modeling, and scientific writing.
EnSt 390. Independent Study
Independent study for undergraduates, to be supervised by a faculty member. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Variable credit up to 6.
EnSt 391. Directed Research in Environmental Studies
Research activities or project in environmental studies done under the direction of an instructor in the Program. Permission of an instructor and of the Chair of the program is required. Variable credit up to 6.
EnSt 392. Directed Field Work in Environmental Studies
Fieldwork carried out under the direction or supervision of an instructor in the Program. Permission of an instructor and of the Chair of the Program is required. Variable credit up to 6.
EnSt 393. Practical Skills in Environmental Ecology Research
This course will provide students with an interest in research in environmental biology and a broad overview of the skills and tools needed for a successful career. Topics covered will include: (1) developing ideas/approaches for research projects, (2) experimental design and analyses, (3) using the primary literature effectively, (4) writing successful small grant and fellowship proposals, (5) writing/reporting results. Prerequisite: permission of instructor, and at least one of the following courses: EnSt 295, 370, 373. Bio 3501, 372, 381, 4170, 419, 4191 or 4193. 2 credits.
EPSc 400. Topics in the Geosciences
The content of this course varies each time it is offered, as announced by the Department. For EnSt majors – topic should have an environmental focus. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Variable credit.
EPSc 401. Earth Systems Science
Quantitative introduction to physical and chemical interactions among the atmosphere, oceans, and solid earth. Use of the geologic record to infer how such interactions varied over geologic time. Prerequisite: EPSc 352, 441, or permission of instructor or the Graduate Advisor. 3 credits.
Biol 4023. How Plants work: Physiology, Growth, and Metabolism
This course introduces students to the fundamentals of how plants grow, metabolize and respond to their environment. Topics to be covered include the conversion of light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis and carbon fixation, nitrogen assimilation, water and mineral uptake and transport, source-sink relationships and long-distance transport of carbon and nitrogen, cell growth and expansion , hormone physiology and physiological responses to a changing environment. Prerequisite: Principles of Biology III: Biochemistry and Physiology (Bio 3050), or permission of instructors.
Biol 404. Laboratory of Neurophysiology
Neurophysiology is the study of living neurons. Students record electrical activity of cells to learn principles of the nervous system including sensory transduction and coding, intercellular communication and motor control. The course meets for 8 hours on Wednesdays. Students may leave the lab for up to 2 hours. Prerequisites: Bio 3411 or 3421 or Psych 4411 AND permission of instructor. Bio 3411 may be taken concurrently. 3 credits.
Anth 406. Primate Ecology and Social Structure
Survey of the ecology, individual and social behavior, adaptations, and interactions of the major groups of primates. Emphasis on studies designed to examine the relationships among ecology, morphophysiology, and behavior. Methods used in collecting data on primates in the field. Prerequisite: Anth 150A or one 100-level biology course. 3 credits.
EPSc 407. Remote Sensing
Use of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (visible, ultraviolet, infrared, and radio wavelengths) for interpretation of physical and chemical characteristics of the surfaces of Earth and other planets. Digital image systems and data processing. Prerequisite: EPSc 352, Math 233 or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EnSt/EPSc 408. Earth’s Atmosphere and Global Climate
Structure and dynamics of Earth's atmosphere. Basic factors controlling global climate of Earth. Quantitative aspects of remote sensing of atmosphere. Remote sensing instrumentation. Prerequisites: Math 233 and Phys 117A, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EPSc 409. Surface Processes
Quantitative overviews of the hydrologic cycle, the interplay between tectonic and hydrologic processes in generating landscapes, and paleoclimates and their causes. Evidence from the stratigraphic record and from modern systems. Relevant geologic, geochemical, and isotopic systems used to establish ancient processes. Extensive use of remote sensing data and geographic information systems to illustrate current processes and systems. Fieldwork included, e.g. investigation of karst terrains in the Ozark Plateau and examination of floodplain stratigraphy and processes along the Missouri River. Prerequisite: EPSc 352 and 353. Three class hours a week and three field trips during the semester. 3 credits.
EnSt 413. Introduction to Soil Science
The physical, chemical and biological processes that occur within soil systems. The types of soils and how these relate to soil formation. The major components of soil, including soil water, minerals, organic matter, and microorganisms. Soils in wetlands and arid regions. Cycling of nutrients and contaminants in soils. Soil quality, conservation, and sustainability. Includes 2 one-day field trips. Prerequisites: EPSc 323 or Chem 112, or permission of instructor.
Biol/EnSt 4170. Population Ecology
This course examines the ecological factors that cause fluctuation and regulation of natural populations and emphasizes the utility of mathematical models to assess the dynamics of populations. The course includes lecture, discussions and computer labs using the programming language MATLAB. Emphasis is placed on principles as applied to conservation and management. Topics include assessing extinction risk of rare species, invasion dynamics of exotic species, demographic and environmental stochasticity, metapopulation dynamics, structured populations, the role of species interactions, and microevolutionary processes. Prerequisites: Calculus (Math 131 and 132), and at least one of the following: Bio 2970, EnSt 295. 3 credits.
Biol 4181. Population Genetics
An introduction to the basic principles of population and ecological genetics. Mechanisms of microevolutionary processes; integrated ecological and genetic approach to study the adaptive nature of the evolutionary process. Prerequisite: Bio 2970. 3 credits.
Biol 4182. Macroevolution
An advanced introduction to the study of macroevolutionary patterns and processes with emphasis on the systematic methodology employed. Topics include: theories of classification, phylogenetic reconstruction, testing of historical hypotheses, hierarchy theory, adaptation, extinction, speciation, developmental mechanisms of organismal evolution, biogeography. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. 3 credits. Professor: Larson.
Biol 4183. Molecular Evolution
A rigorous introduction to the study of evolution at the molecular level. Topics include the origin, amount, distribution and significance of molecular genetic variation within species, and use of molecular data in systematics and in testing macroevolutionary hypotheses. Prerequisite: Bio 3051, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Biol 419. Community Ecology
Basic principles of community ecology, including species interactions, spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. Analytical theory, statistical patterns, and experimental approaches will be emphasized. Intended for students wanting a rigorous overview of ecological principles. Prereq: At least one of the following courses: Bio 3501, 372, 381, 4170, 4193, EnSt 370 or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Biol/EnSt 4193. Experimental Ecology Laboratory
Design and interpretation of ecological experiments, with an emphasis on hypothesis testing, sampling methodology, and data analyses. Sessions address fundamental ecological questions and include field, greenhouse, and laboratory (microcosm) studies on a variety of taxa and ecosystems. Includes occasional Saturday field trips to local sites (e.g., forests, wetlands, prairies, streams) for in-depth study. Fulfills the upper-level laboratory requirement for the Biology major. One hour of lecture and 4 hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisites: Permission of instructor and at least one of the following: Introduction to Ecology (Bio 381), Behavioral Ecology (Bio 372), Community Ecology (Bio 419), or Evolution (Bio 3501). Credit will not be awarded for both 4191 and 4193. Enrollment is limited to 15 students. 3 credits.
Biol 4202. Evolutionary Genetics
This course will examine the principles of evolutionary genetics as applied to complex characters, such as morphology, behavior, and disease. Mathematical models of quantitative inheritance and evolution will be discussed. Prerequisite, Anthropology 150A or Biology 3051, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Anth 4211. Paleoethnobotany and Ethnobotany
Interrelationships between plants and people, especially in past societies. Recovery and analysis of plant remains from archaeological sites; interpreting subsistence and vegetation changes; medicinal, ritual, and technological uses of plants; plant domestication and agricultural intensification. Modern efforts to understand and preserve threatened traditional ethnobotanical practices. Prerequisite: Anth 190BP or an introductory botany course, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EPSc 422. Sedimentary Geology
Survey introduction to sedimentary processes and materials, including description, formation, and interpretation. Sedimentary materials account for most of the Earth's crust, and much of our understanding of Earth history comes from their examination. Many of our economic resources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, and many environmental problems, are related to or derive from sediments. Goals: understanding and identifying sediments and processes and using them to interpret stratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and tectonic information; obtaining the understanding of sedimentology that is relevant to environmental issues; increasing scientific literacy and critical thinking. Prerequisite: EPSc 200A. EPSc 335 and EPSc 352 recommended. Three class hours and one two-hour lab a week. Mandatory field trips. 4 credits.
EnSt/E Lit 424. Topics in American Literature I, II
New World writing, whether that of explorers or politicians or novelists and poets, places unprecedented emphasis on the ability to construct landscapes out of words. The course will examine how landscapes are constructed in books as varied as Jefferson’s “Notes on Virginia,” Cather’s “My Antonia,” Parkman’s “Pioneers of France in the New World,” and John Wesley Powell’s “Exploration of the Colorado River.” Emphasis will be on technique and function – the aesthetic how and why that generates verbal places. 3 credits.
AMCS 4210. Tale of Two Cities: Urban Form and Society in Chicago and St. Louis
This interdisciplinary course will explore the changing forms of urban life in Chicago and St. Louis from the early nineteenth century through the present. Drawing on methods and sources employed by historians, geographers, planners, and designers, we will trace the way urban spaces were produced, replaced, and invested with multiple meanings. We will map the dynamic relationship between social life and the built environment, considering thematic links between topics including labor and housing, manufacturing and gender, public space and ethnic identity.
Anth 4253. Researching Fertility, Mortality, and Migration (WI)
Students will undertake research projects centering on the most fundamental demographic processes -- fertility, mortality, and migration. The first section covers basic demographic methodology so that students understand how population data is generated and demographic statistics analyzed. Course readings will then include seminal theoretical insights by anthropologists on demographic processes. WI course.
EPSc 428. Hydrology
Survey of principles that govern the flow of water in river and groundwater systems and in deep geologic environments. Basic equations of fluid flow, dynamics, and the characteristics of drainage basins, rivers, and important aquifers. Behavior of floods. Exploitation of ground water systems. Laboratory will emphasize modeling of aquifer and surface water flow. Prerequisites: EPSc 353, Phys 117A, Phys 118A, and Math 233, or permission of instructor. Three class hours and one two-hour lab a week. 4 credits.
EnSt 430/Anth 4281. Ecological Anthropology
An exploration of the adaptive aspects of human culture. Foci include ecological analogy, optimization models, population and food production, social and spatial aspects of “traditional” farming, ethnicity and food production, and comparison with Marxist approaches. Prerequisites: Graduate standing, Anthro 361, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Anth 4282. Political Ecology
An exploration of how the interactions between culture and environment are mediated by local, national, and global politics. Topics include "overpopulation", agricultural intensification, Green Revolution, biotechnology, corporate agriculture, green movements, and organic farming. Each student prepares an in-depth research paper that may be presented to the class. Prerequisites: Graduate standing, Anth 361, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EnSt 432 / EPSc 430. Environmental Mineralogy
Topics connected with environmental mineralogy, some selected by students. Topics may include: mineral dust such as asbestos, containment materials for nuclear waste disposal, environmental ramifications of the processing and use of phosphate fertilizers, lead in the environment, acid mine drainage, microbial mediation of sulfide oxidation, minerals in the human body, weathering of building materials, materials engineering, and engineering of materials for more effective recycling. Participation in discussions, term paper, and two field trips required. Most readings are from primary sources. Prereq: EPSc 352 or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Anth 434. Behavioral Research at the Zoo
Students conduct research at the St. Louis Zoo. Training in designing of projects and analysis and interpretation of data. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Up to 6 credits.
ChE 438. Environmental Risk Assessment and Toxicology
Risk assessment concepts and their application to environmental analyses such as hazardous waste site evaluation and remediation. Principles of human health and ecological toxicology; exposure assessment; estimation of individual and aggregate risk. Risk assessment in regulatory decision-making and standard setting. Prerequisites: senior or graduate standing, or permission of instructor, and ChE 443 or equivalent. 3 credits.
ChE 443. Environmental Chemistry
Introduction to the chemistry of air, water and soil systems. Emphasis on the application of chemical equilibrium principles to quantitatively describe environmental systems. Chemical basis for processes occurring in the natural environment and industrial pollution control systems. Prerequisite: Chem 112A. 3 credits.
EnSt/EPSc 444. Environmental Geochemistry
Interaction of water with minerals and organic compounds at the low temperatures of many environmental settings. Emphasis on understanding groundwater compositions and capacity for transporting metals and organic solutes in the subsurface. Speciation, mass transport, surface reactions, contaminant sources, and remediation methods. Three class hours and one two-hour lab a week. Prerequisites: EPSc 352 or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EPSc 446. Stable Isotope Geochemistry
Applications of equilibrium and kinetic isotope fractionation and material balance principles to the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in natural systems. Geothermometry and paleotemperatures, mass spectrometry, isotope hydrology and ice cores, fluid-rock interaction, igneous rocks and meteorites. Prerequisites: EPSc 441 and Math 233, or permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EPSc 448. Microbial Geochemistry
Effects of microorganisms on geochemical processes, and geochemical constraints on microbial metabolism. The course focuses on the origin of life on Earth, the co-evolution of Earth and its biota through time, microbial diversity in natural environments, the deep subsurface biosphere, bioenergetics, astrobiology, and related topics. 3 credits.
MAE 448A. Combustion and Environment
Introduction to fire and its application in combustion devices. Chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Ignition and explosion. Deflagration and detonation waves. Transport phenomena and the governing equations for heat and mass transfer in chemically reacting flows. Laminar and turbulent flame propagation, nonpremixed flames. The emission of combustion-generated pollutants and subsequent interaction with the environment. Toxic-waste incineration. Practical combustion devices. Prerequisites: ME 321, ME 371 or equivalent.
EnSt/Econ 451. Environmental Policy
The course will examine the relationship between environmental economics and environmental policy. The course will focus on air pollution, water pollution, and hazardous wastes, with some attention given to biodiversity and global climate change. The course will examine critically two prescriptions that economics usually endorses: (1) “balancing” of benefits against costs (e.g. benefit-cost analysis) and the use of risk analysis in evaluating policy alternatives; (2) use of market incentives (e.g. prices, taxes, or charges) or “property rights” instead of traditional command-and-control regulations to implement environmental policy. 3 credits.
EPSc 454. Exploration and Environmental Geophysics
Basic geophysical techniques used in exploration and environmental geophysics, emphasizing seismic and electromagnetic methods. Basic theory, field procedures, and interpretation of data. Use of geophysical instruments on field trips, followed by reduction and analysis of acquired data. Prerequisites: EPSc 353, Phys 118A, and Math 233; or permission of instructor. Two class hours and one two-hour laboratory a week, and approximately four one day field trips during the semester. 4 credits.
Arch 455 – Metropolitan Landscapes
The course will examine the landscapes that comprise the contemporary metropolis, from the rural outskirts to the inner core. We will examine the city as a product of natural and cultural influences, and we will work toward an understanding of the city as an ecological entity. Case studies will range in scale from the garden to the region. Required for MUD students. Fulfills Urban Issues elective. 3 credits.
Anth 459. Human Osteology
Analysis of skeletal material recovered in human paleontological and archaeological excavations. The development of bone and major diseases that affect skeletal structure. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. 3 credits.
Arch 464. Hybrid Landscapes: Ecology, Infrastructure, and Cultural Expression
Almost all of the places we know are hybrid landscapes - they've been shaped by a combination of natural process and cultural intervention. These places take many forms, but in some way or another almost all of them express the tension between fluctuating ecological systems and human attempts to create stasis and predictability. This seminar will examine the ways in which landscapes have been manipulated at a large scale to permit inhabitation. We will look at case studies at a range of scales and over a cross-section of disciplines, including architecture, landscape architecture, urban design, and engineering. We will concentrate on examples that deal with infrastructure and urban form. One category for study will be the topographical history of cities where urban development transformed physical geography. Another category will include rural landscapes, both agricultural and rustic, that have been re-made for cultural ends. A third category will include landscapes that are defined by infrastructure, like rivers, canals, dams, and roads. We'll study these hybrid landscapes over time in order to understand their evolution. We'll consider them not only as built artifacts, but also as the products of social practice. We'll also talk about their representation and their role in the development of cultural ideas. The course work will involve reading, research, and discussion. Each member of the seminar will produce a paper or project that relates a particular hybrid landscape to the themes that we discuss together. Fulfills Urban Issues elective requirement. 3 credits.
EnSt/Anthro 479. Climate, Culture, and Human History
Using a seminar format, this course examines the temporal, geographical, and environmental aspects of past climate changes, and by using specific examples, explores how climate changes may have affected the evolution of human culture and the course of human history. Archaeological and historical examples from the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Near East will be used to explore if or how significant events in human history have been influenced by changes in climate. 3 credits.
EPSc 480. Special Topics in Microbiology-Chemistry-Earth Science
Investigation of scientific questions at the interface of microbiology, biochemistry, ecology, geochemistry, and environmental studies. Content varies each time this course is offered. With permission of the Chair, course may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EPSc 484. Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction
How do we know about environments of the geologic past? Survey of paleoenvironmental proxies (stable isotopes, macroflora, macro- and micro-fauna, pollen/palynomorphs, paleosols, lacustrine sediments, etc.); applications and limitations of each proxy; analytical techniques. Focus on terrestrial, as opposed to marine, environments. Prereqs.: EPSc 201 or permission of instructor. EPSc 422 recommended. 3 credits.
EnSt 490. Senior Seminar
The Env. Studies senior seminar brings ES seniors together to communicate across interdisciplinary boundaries while examining a selected topic of current interest in depth. In doing so, students will be asked to reflect upon their previous coursework as they discuss, evaluate and critically analyze the selected topic. The seminar will be an experiential course, introducing students to the “real world” in which the selected topic exists. To achieve this goal, the seminar will incorporate field trips and projects with community and environmental groups concerned about and working to address the selected topic. Prerequisites: Senior Standing. 3 credits.
EnSt 490W. Senior Seminar – Writing Intensive (WI)
This is a writing intensive version of EnSt 490 – Senior Seminar. Students will participate in the regular EnSt 490 class and are responsible for all the assignments associated with EnSt 490. Students in EnSt 490W will have one additional meeting each week – a writing workshop. Writing assignments will be designed to provide students with the opportunity to dissect, reconstruct and reflect upon topics discussed in 490. Students will also examine types of writing found in environmental studies. The class will consist of extensive drafting and revising of the student work including in-class editing workshops, peer reviews, and individual meetings between students and the instructor. 5 credits.
EPSc 498/EnSt 4980 – Undergraduate Research Seminar (WI)
Provides an opportunity for advanced undergraduates to synthesize many of the diverse sub disciplines of Earth and Planetary Sciences while focusing on a research topic. Subject changes each offering. Each subject will be unique and timely, but broad enough to encompass wide-ranging interests among students. Students will conduct original research, make written reports of the results, and make oral presentations of their projects in class. Prerequisite: senior standing or permission of the instructor. 3 credits.
EnSt 498. Senior Honors Research
Independent research for undergraduate Honors, to be supervised by a faculty member. Prerequisites: senior standing, eligibility for Honors, and permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EnSt 499. Senior Honors
Independent work for undergraduate Honors, to be supervised by a faculty member. Prerequisites: senior standing, eligibility for Honors, and permission of instructor. 3 credits.
EnSt 539. Interdisciplinary Environmental Clinic
This course constitutes the technical component of an interdisciplinary environmental clinic based at the Law School. Engineering and Arts & Sciences students participate in interdisciplinary teams with law students, handling environmental projects for public interest, environmental or community organizations or individuals. Students from other schools may also participate with permission of instructor. Projects may involve the following activities: representing clients in federal and state court litigation and administrative proceedings; drafting proposed legislation; commenting on proposed regulations, permits, environmental impact statements or environmental assessments, and similar documents; and evaluating matters for potential future action. The goal is that for each project, students will have primary responsibility for handling the matter, and faculty will play a secondary, supervisory role. Non-law students may provide such technical support as investigating unknown facts, evaluating facts presented by other parties (such as in government reports), and working with law students to develop and present facts relevant to an understanding of and resolution of the matter. Non-law students must work at least an average of 12 hours per week on clinic matters, including attendance at and participation each week in: at least one individual meeting with the professor; one group meeting involving the student team assigned to each project and the professor(s); and a two-hour seminar for all students in the clinic. Prerequisites: The clinic is open to graduate students and upper-level undergraduates with coursework and/or experience in environmental engineering, environmental science, or related fields. Enrollment is a two-step process including the submission of a Request for Permission to Enroll form (found at: http://law.wustl.edu/intenv/index.asp?id=429) and online registration.